A Guide to the Wild Animals that Live in Kenya
Kenya’s plains and savannas are home to some of the most vibrant wildlife anywhere on earth, from the fearsome lion to the towering giraffe.
Known for its expansive and exceptional array of wildlife and outstanding natural beauty, Kenya is considered one of the best safari destinations in Africa. With over 25,000 recorded species that call this country home, either roaming the plains, soaring through the air or burrowing underneath the earth, the animals in Kenya provide a jaw-dropping view of the animal kingdom.
Embark on a luxury safari, dive beneath the Indian Ocean or set sail on a hot air balloon, however you choose to find them, here are the remarkable wild animals that live in Kenya, Africa.
The ‘Big Five’ of Kenya
The “Big Five” is a term used by safari guides on game drives to denote the five larger animals, and sometimes harder-to-find animals, that most safaris revolve around. You can find these incredible species all across Africa and are often the most sought-after viewings for first-time safari goers.
African elephant
As the largest land mammal on earth, few experiences rival seeing the mighty African elephant as it slowly stomps across Kenya's savannas. Known for their distinctive, large ears and long trunks, African elephants are highly adaptable and are found across the country, from the savannas of the Maasai Mara to the forests of Aberdare National Park. You’ll marvel at the sheer scale of these magnificent beasts, which live on a herbivore diet of grasses, leaves, fruits and other plants.
Where to stay to see elephants: Visit Northern Kenya and stay at Sarara Camp, where they’ve carried out seriously incredible conservation work in the Matthews Mountain Range and now several thousand elephants thrive.
Lion
With their striking appearance, fearsome roar, and status as the apex predator, lions are considered some of the mightiest wildlife you’ll see in Kenya. Living in ‘prides’ of up to 50 members, there’s no sight more breathtaking than witnessing a pack of lions as they stalk their prey across Kenya’s plains. As crepuscular creatures, during the day you’ll find them sunbathing, but on early morning and evening game drives, watch them come to life as they seek out and hunt prey.
Where to stay to see lions: Head to the iconic Maasai Mara for a few nights at Angama Mara, a stunning feat of architecture as you stay in suspended glass-fronted suites overlooking the edge of the Oloololo escarpment.
Leopard
particularly since they are most active at night. However, with the help of local guides and trackers, you could potentially encounter one of Africa's most lethal hunters on a safari of Kenya’s National Parks and Reserves. For travellers with a keen eye, spotting a prowling leopard is one of the most uniquely rewarding experiences you can hope to enjoy on a Kenyan safari.
Where to stay to see leopards: Loisaba Tented Camp is a must for any animal lover with the area's varied topography, from plains to forests, playing host to a number of species including the aloof leopard.
Cape buffalo
One of the most iconic wild animals that live in Kenya is the Cape Buffalo, also called African Buffaloes. Large and robust, you won't struggle to spot a herd of Cape buffalo as they thunder across the savanna in search of food and water. You can recognise them from their distinctive curved horns, which they use to defend themselves against predators like lions and hyenas. Travellers can find the Cape buffalo living near water sources like lakes and rivers, particularly during the dry season when water is scarce.
Where to stay to see buffaloes: For something truly unique, visit the Borana Lodge in Laikipia, Kenya. A working ranch and game reserve, the buffaloes roam freely amongst the land and lodge, along with the other big five.
Rhinoceros
Known for its horns and armour-like skin, the rhinoceros is one of the most famous and endangered animals in Kenya. Since they can weigh up to 3,000 kg, you may be surprised to hear that the mighty rhino lives exclusively on a diet of grasses, leaves and branches. On safari, you can find two species of rhinoceros, the white rhino and the black rhino, which can both be seen in several national parks in Kenya, including the Maasai Mara, Tsavo and Aberdare National Park. Being largely solitary animals, the rhino is hard to come by, but encountering one of these mighty beasts makes for one of the most amazing sights you could experience on a Kenyan safari.
Our Africa Travel Specialist Matt Shock offers his advice on the best Kenyan locations to spot these mighty creatures:
“The game viewing in Laikipia is phenomenal due to extreme conservation efforts and anti-poaching canine units in the area making it one of the country’s best locations to spot Black and White Rhino.”
Where to stay to see rhinos: Holiday at the 45,000-acre Lewa Wildlife Conservancy with a stay at Lewa House, where nearly 10% of Kenya’s black rhino population resides. Enjoy an eye-catching view of Mount Kenya from your private veranda.
What Other Wild Animals Live in Kenya?
From Kenya’s endemic species to its magnificent bird and marine life, here are the other animals in Kenya worth looking out for on your next safari holiday.
Endemic Species and Endangered Animals in Kenya
Northern Kenya, the Laikipia district and Samburu National Park, is home to the “Special Northern Five”. These are five species only found in Northern Kenya, and our favourite to plan safaris to for their off-the-beaten-track location.
This includes Grevy’s Zebra, Long-necked Gerenuk, Reticulated Giraffe, Somali Ostrich and the Beisa Oryx.
Grevy’s Zebra is one of Kenya’s endangered native animals, with its population declining by 50% over the last 20 years. The Black Rhino is another endangered species in Kenya, often hunted for its horn and believed medical properties.
Conservationists and Kenya’s Government have enacted initiatives, programmes and enforced laws to help save these species from extinction, with many of the lodges we work with leading these efforts.
Where to stay: Stay at Saruni Samburu, a deluxe lodge set up in the Kalama Wildlife Conservancy in Samburu National Reserve. There are several viewpoints dotted around the safari lodge, with the waterholes where you can see the big 5, as well as rarer species such as wild dogs, oryx, Somalian ostrich and the vulturine guineafowl.
Marine Life in Kenya: Exploring Coastal Waters
Kenya's coastline is not only renowned for its stunning beaches and diverse wildlife on land but also for its rich marine biodiversity. The crystal-clear waters along the Kenyan coast are home to a wide range of fascinating marine creatures, making it a paradise for marine enthusiasts.
One of the highlights of the marine life in Kenya is its vibrant coral reefs. When it comes to diving and snorkelling, Kenya offers some incredible sites to explore. The Watamu Marine National Park is a popular destination known for its pristine coral gardens and abundance of marine life. Here, you can swim alongside colourful fish, turtles, dolphins and even encounter gentle whale sharks.
Another must-visit spot is Diani Beach, located south of Mombasa. The warm waters surrounding Diani are teeming with marine biodiversity, and divers can spot fascinating creatures like octopuses, moray eels, and various species of rays.
Where to stay: We recommend the intimate family-run resort Kinondo Kwetu. This beach hideaway takes you away from the crowds and straight to the beach where you can snorkel, go deep sea fishing and much more.
Birds of Kenya: A Paradise for Birdwatchers
Kenya is a true haven for bird enthusiasts, boasting a rich diversity of bird species that inhabit its varied landscapes. From the vast savannas to the lush forests, there are over 1,000 recorded species.
When it comes to birdwatching spots, the Maasai Mara National Reserve is renowned for its birdlife, with species such as the Lilac-breasted Roller, African Fish Eagle, and Secretary Bird gracing the skies.
Another must-visit location is Lake Nakuru National Park, famous for its pink-hued flamingos. These elegant birds create a breathtaking spectacle as they gather in large numbers along the lake's shores.
Kenya is also part of the Great Rift Valley, a key migratory route for many bird species. During the months of October to April, millions of birds pass through this region on their journey from Europe to Africa. Amboseli National Park and Tsavo East National Park are excellent spots to witness this remarkable migration.
Where to stay: Loldia House is one of Kenya’s oldest colonial farms and is perfectly placed to explore Lake Naivasha and Lake Nakuru with intimate boat rides to see the lush birdlife.
FAQs for Animals in Kenya
-
There are two “Big Fives” in Kenya.
The most commonly known Big Five, and the same Big Five seen across Africa, are elephants, leopards, lions, cape buffalo and rhinos. These animals are the main act of a safari in Kenya, and often bucket list game viewings for travellers here.
Then in Northern Kenya, there’s the lesser-known “Northern Five”. These include the reticulated giraffe, grevy’s zebra, beisa oryx, gerenuk and somali ostrich. These animals are endemic to Kenya’s north, so they can only be seen on safari here.
-
While there is no ‘bad’ time to visit Kenya, when you should plan your visit depends entirely on the experience you wish to have. There are two main seasons in Kenya: rainy and dry. From April to June and November to December, the country experiences its rainy seasons, where visitors can enjoy the arid landscape transforming into a lush green paradise. These seasons are also the best time to visit Kenya for activities like birdwatching, with the warm African rains drawing migratory birds from all over the continent to Kenya’s lakes and rivers.
However, for those looking for the best time to see animals in Kenya, the dry seasons, between July to October and December to February, create the perfect environment to enjoy the very best of Africa’s diverse wildlife population. During the dry season, wildlife concentrates around water sources, making it much easier to encounter animals in Kenya, including the ‘Big Five’.
-
If you’re considering traversing across the African savanna, guided by a local expert, you may be wondering what wild animals are found on safaris in Kenya. Some of the most commonly seen animals include:
- African elephants
- Lions
- Leopards
- Buffalo
- Zebras
- Rhinoceroses
- Giraffes
- Wild dogs
- Hyenas
With their helpful knowledge of animal behaviour and robust understanding of the local environment, exploring Kenya’s plains with a safari expert is the best way to experience the animals that live in Kenya. Able to share their understanding of African wildlife, whisk you to the best viewing spots, and answer any questions you may have, our local experts will ensure your safari experience is one to remember for a lifetime.
Our team of travel specialists are waiting to help you book your adventure to Kenya.
Why choose Scott Dunn for Kenya Safari Holidays?
Unique to You
- We listen to your travel goals and craft unique trips that are bespoke to you.
- We’re with you every step of your life’s travel journey, from honeymoons to family trips and beyond.
Seamless Service
- Global offices in the UK, US, and Singapore for 24/7 seamless service.
- We offer flexibility if your plans change so you can book with confidence and peace of mind.
Carefully Curated Collection
- We’ve curated an elevated collection of accommodation, experiences, and guides.
- Committed to fostering close global relationships to continue bringing you unique experiences.
Luxury in Every Sense
- We deliver a sense of luxury that matters most to you.
- Awarded Condé Nast Traveller’s Top Travel Specialists in the World 12 years in a row.